WEEK FIVE CRASH COURSE

The Roman Empire. Or Republic. Or...Which Was It?: Crash Course World History #10

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oPf27gAup9U

MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE PART TWO:

STUDENT GENERATED MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS THAT COULD APPEAR ON THE EXAM:

1. Which one of the following is not a part of the Hindu caste system?

A. Vaisyas

B. Brahmin

C. Ramayana

D. Kshatriyas

2. What was the Buddha’s original name?

A. Darius

B. Alexander

C. Kong Fuzi

D. Shihuongdi

E. Siddhartha Guatama

3. What was the name of the man we think of as Confucius?

A. Darius

B. Alexander

C. Kong Fuzi

D. Shihuongdi

E. Siddhartha Guatama

4. What was the first function of writing?

A. poetry

B. myth-making

C. laws

D. accounting

5. Who was considered to have the largest of the world’s empires in 500 BCE?

A. The Persians

B. The Greeks

C. The Chinese

D. The Romans

6. Which civilization had three story houses, well organized streets, luxurious bathrooms, and indoor plumbing?

A. Olmec

B. Norte Chico

C. Oildale

D. Mohenjo Daro

7. Which one is not true about Alexander the Great?

A. His father was king

B. He died in his 60s.

C. He established many cities.

D. He spread Greek culture.

8. Who fought in the Peloponnesian Wars?

A. Romans and Egyptians

B. Pellops and Nesians

C. Athenians and Spartans

D. Romans and Persians

9. Rome’s first emperor, Octavian, was later known as

A. Caligula

B. Nero

C. Augustus

D. Claudius Maximus

10. What is the most common depiction found in Cave Art done by the first peoples?

A, humans

B. gods

C. plants

D. animals

11. What order, from highest to lowest, does the Hindu caste system follow?

A. Brahmin—Kshatriyas—Vaisyas—Shudras

B. Shudras--Brahmin—Kshatriyas—Vaisyas—

C. Brahmin— Shudras--Kshatriyas—Vaisyas—

D. Kshatriyas—Brahmin—Shudras--Vaisyas—

12. What were the Four Passing Sights of the Buddha?

A. an old man, a sick person, a dead body, and a monk with shaven head

B. a woman having a baby, a man crying, a dying horse, and a monk

C. a woman dancing, a man killing another man, a banker, and a thief

D. an old man, a sick person, a dead chicken in the road, and a monk with shaven head

13. Which of the following was not a cause of the collapse of the Roman Empire?

A. a lack of legalized Roman citizens

B. the empire was conquered, taken over by another nation.

C. a lack of leadership, with 26 different emperor killed in a 50 year period

D. an epidemic

14. What Chinese dynasty established the political patterns that continued to govern China until 1911?

A. Qin

B. Tang

C. Xhou

D. Han

15. Which site has been called the “world’s oldest temple”?

A. Gobekli Tepe

B. Mohenjo Daro

C. The Parthenon

D. The Palace of Knossos

16. What is one reason that Clovis culture may have disappeared?

A. The people may have hunted the animals to extinction and vanished as their food sources disappeared.

B. A plague clearly wiped them out.

C. They were probably destroyed by an ice age.

17. What type of writing used angled tools to write small symbols on clay tablets?

A. phonetic alphabet

B. hieroglyph

C. cursive, but the ancient world knew it as “pretty connected flowy writing.”

D. cuneiform

18. Which of the following is not one of the Three Ancient Hindu Period”

A. The pre-Vedic Period.

B. The Vedic Period

C. The Pre-Epic Period

D. The Epic Period.

19. Which mythical creation story does not match?

A. China—P’an Ku

B. Scandanavia—Odin

C. Hebrews—Adam and Eve

D. Mesopotamia—Rabbit Boy

MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE

YOU DO NOT NEED A SCANTRON. YOU DO NEED A LUE BOOK.

I. MULTIPLE CHOICE: 27 questions will be on the test. You will answer 25

II. ESSAY: The following Essay question and documents will be provided to you. You may not bring other material to the exam:

We started this course by discussing the following theme as it relates to ancient civilization:

 The key commonality between humans 15,000 years ago and now—and a key theme of this course--is that humans, in general, strive for connectedness. They may gain this through food or sex, gods or war, by belonging through cultural citizenship or national identity, or through music, painting, and architecture; in all these ways, people strive to connect.

Considering what you have learned in the course so far AND the following documents, how has the theme developed thus far?

DOCUMENT A:

Excerpt from the Hippocratic Oath, around 400 BCE

I will follow that [treatment] which, according to my ability and judgment, I will consider for the benefit of my patients, and abstain from whatever is [harmful]. I will give no deadly medicine to anyone if asked, nor suggest any such [advice]…

DOCUMENT B: Quote from Aristotle.

“Since human reason is the most godlike part of human nature, a life guided by human reason is superior to any other…For man, this is the life of reason, since the faculty of reason is the distinguishing characteristic of human beings”

DOCUMENT C: Pericles Funeral Oration, 430 BCE

“Our plan of government favors the many instead of the few: that is why it is called a democracy…As for social standing, advancement is open to everyone, according to ability. While every citizen has equal opportunity to serve the public, we reward our most distinguished citizens by asking them to make our political decisions. Nor do we discriminate against the poor. A man may serve his country no matter how low his position on the social scale.

DOCUMENT D:   Krishna, in the Bhagavat Gita, to the warrior Arjuna

“Having regard to your own duty also, you ought not to falter, for there is nothing better for a Kshatriya than a righteous battle.”

DOCUMENT E: Quote from King Ashoka

“Here (in my domain) no living beings are to be slaughtered or offered in sacrifice. Nor should festivals be held… Formerly, in the kitchen of Beloved-of-the-Gods, hundreds of thousands of animals were killed every day to make curry. But now with the writing of this Dhamma edict only three creatures, two peacocks and a deer are killed, and the deer not always. And in time, not even these three creatures will be killed… To do good is difficult. One who does good first does something hard to do. I have done many good deeds, and, if my sons, grandsons and their descendants up to the end of the world act in like manner, they too will do much good. But whoever amongst them neglects this, they will do evil. Truly, it is easy to do evil.”

DOCUMENT F: Excerpt of Code of Hammurabi

“If a man has caused either a palace slave or palace maid, or a slave of a poor man or a poor man's maid, to go out of the gate, he shall be put to death.”

“If a man has stolen the goods of a temple or palace, that man shall be killed, and he who has received the stolen thing from his hand shall be put to death.”

“If a man, in a case pending judgment, has uttered threats against the witnesses, or has not justified the word that he has spoken, if that case be a capital suit, that man shall be put to death.”

DOCUMENT G: Excerpt from Egyptian Book of the Dead, 1550-1064 B.C.E.

“Homage to thee, Oh great God, thou Lord of Truth and Justice, I have come to thee, Oh powerful Lord.

I have brought myself hither that I may behold thy radiant beauty! I know thee and I know thy magic name and I know the names of the two and forty divinities who surround thee in this vast hall of Truth and Justice, who live as warders of sinners and who feed upon their blood on the day when the sins of men are taken into account in the presence of Osiris.

The two Goddesses, twin sisters with two eyes, Lord of the Order of the universe is thy name.

Behold, that I have brought in my heart Truth and Justice to thee, since I have destroyed all wickedness from it, for thee.

I have not done evil to mankind. I have not oppressed the members of my family.

I have not brought injustice in the place of Justice. I have had no knowledge of worthless men. I have not wrought evil.

I have not made to be the first consideration of each day that excessive labor should be performed for me. I have not brought forward my name for exaltation to honours. I have not ill-treated servants. I have not thought scorn of Gods.

I have not defrauded the oppressed one of his property.”

DOCUMENT H: Excerpt from Gospel of Matthew, 70-100 C.E.

"Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Blessed are they who mourn, for they shall be comforted. Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth. Blessed are they who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they shall be satisfied. Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy. Blessed are the pure of heart, for they shall see God. Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called children of God.

KEY TERMS FOR CHAPTER THREE AND FOUR AND LECTURES

Alexander the Great

Pax Romana

Qin Shihuangdi

Trung Trac

Upanishads

Mahabharata

Bhagavad Gita

Ramayana

Dharma

Karma

Samsara

Moksha

Siddhartha Guatama/Buddha

Four Noble Truths

King Ashoka

Ban Zhao

Zoroastrianism

Socrates

Plato

Aristotle

Jesus of Nazareth

                                                           

LECTURE OUTLINE: SOCRATES, JESUS, AND DEATH IN THE ANCIENT WORLD

I. SOCRATES (469-399 B.C.) AND HIS WORLD

A. THE CITY-STATE

1. THE MYTHOPOETIC GREEKS

2. DAILY LIFE:

                            AN ARISTOCRAT

                            SOCRATES

3. HOW DO WE KNOW ABOUT SOCRATES?

                            THE HISTORIAN XENOPHON

                            THE PHILOSOPHER PLATO

B. THE DEATH OF SOCRATES…

THE BIRTH OF THE MODERN

II. JESUS AND HIS WORLD

A. THE ROMAN MEDITERRANEAN BASIN

B. THE HISTORICAL JESUS:

    1. JESUS THE JEW:

                2. JESUS AS VICTIM OF THE ROMANS:

                3. JESUS AS EXORCIST:

    4. JESUS THE STORYTELLER:

C. THE DEATH OF JESUS AND THE BIRTH OF THE SERVANT LEADER

Apology of Aristides (130 CE):

“And if there is among them any that is poor and needy, and if they have no spare food, they fast two or three days in order to supply to the needy their lack of food.”

Historian Michel Riquet:

“It has been calculated that at Rome in 250, under Pope Cornelius, ten thousand Christians obliged to fast could provide, from a hundred days' fasting, a million rations a year. These more or less regular offerings were supplemented by gifts made to the Church by rich converts.”

Pagan satirist Lucian (130-200 c.e.):

(mocked Christians for their charity):

“The earnestness with which the people of this religion help one another in their needs is incredible. They spare themselves nothing for this end. Their first lawgiver put it into their heads that they were all brethren.”

                Clement of Rome (1^st or 2^nd Century):

“Let the strong care for the weak and let the weak reverence the strong. Let the rich man bestow help on the poor and let the poor give thanks to God, that He gave him one to supply his needs.”

III. REVOLUTIONS IN THOUGHT AND DEED

Both put ideals over physical well-being, belief over ego.